friend



(No Model.)

J. T. FRIEND.

WEIGHING SGALES.

No. 399,865 Patented Mar. 19, 1889.

1 9475 aamw tome/1 UNITED STATES x Parent JOHN 'IERRAXCE FRIEND, OF IRVINE, KEN'll'C'lZi'.

\NElGHlNC=-SCAL SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 899,865, dated March 19, 1389.

Application filed June 9, 1887. Serial No. 2%,84'7- (1% model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be itknown that I, J OHN TERRANCE FRIEND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Irvine in the countyof Estill and State of Kentucky, have invented new and useful Scales for \Veighing, of which the following is a specification.

The main objects of my invention are to provide scales capable of weighing heavy articles without the use of superfluous loose weights, leaving the weighing entirely to the sliding poises, thus saving the time ordinarily expended in the selection of such loose, weights and the inconvenience of their frequentloss; also, an arrangement of two graduated beams, whereby tare maybe allowed for without the mental process of calculation after every weighing; also, it is my desire to introduce a novel and simple, yet accurate, interior arrangement of levers for the purpose of communicating the weight from the plat form to the rod connected with the beams.

Other advantages will be further set forth in the specification, and particularly pointed out in the claim submitted therewith.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side view of my improved scales, showing the interior arrangement of the levers in dotted lines. Fig.

2 is a top view of my improved scales with the platform removed, in order to exhibit in detail the arrangement of the internal levers. Like letters of reference are attached to lik e 1 parts throughout the drawings.

'ithin the box A are the levers that sup- 1 The lever C comprises port the platform B. a tongue, C, to the end of which is attached a pair of forks united at their outer ends by i the bar c, resting at its two ends in the bearings c c. Near the bifurcation of the lever (l a e placed two upright pins,

cross-bar, (Z, and corresponding in shape to the forked portion of the lever C. The ends of the cross-bar (I rest in the bearings (1, at-

tached to the sides of the box in which the i The lever D comprises a frame attached to another ment is pivotal, and is shown in Fig. l at E. The upright shaft E of the scales passes up ward through a hollow post, G, to the top of which are attached the arms (l. 'lhese arms support the frameof the beams upon the pivots g7; These pivots may of course be replaced in the more delicate sorts of scales by the ordinary knife-edges, as shown in 1. Two short arms extend laterally from a point near the top of the shaft as shown at c, and are attached to the frame of the beams at the pivots c. This pivotal connection may be accomplished by means of arms integral with the shaft E and forming a part of it, or merely attached thereto, or said shaft may be directly pivoted to the beam 1', these details being mere modifications of the pivotal attachment of the shaft Ii to the upper beam.

' ietween two of the sides of the frame con necting the portions to which the arms G are attached is a rod, 71, upon which slides a weight, II, secnrable in any desired position upon said rod by means of the his ew 71. r weight is for the purpose of regulating the scales for various-sized scale-pans, and by its means the weights are kept at Zero for empty pans.

Attached to the frame pivoted to the arms are the two graduated beams I and I. The upper beam, I, is mane up of two parts, as shown in Fig. 2 at 1' and 1". To the por tion 5 the frame proper of the beams is at- 3 tached, and, indeed, a portion of said part t constitutes one of the sides of the rectangle 1 making up such frame proper, and said frame l is pivoted to the arm G on one side through said portion of said part i. The graduated portion 1" of said beam I is set off from the portion 1', and is furnished with graduations labeled with the proper figures, as will be described hcreinbclow. A weight, K, depends from said portion i, and is adapted to slide along said beam for the purpose of balancing the weights in the scale-pan. A bracket depends from the upper beam, I, as shown at I". i This bracket is rigidly attached to said beam l I, and bears, by means of an inverted knifel l l l l l l i edge, upon the short arm of the beam 1. Said beam I is pivoted to a bracket attached to the box, as shown at L, and its free or .longcr arm plays within a slot in a dowuwardly-projecting check-arm, L. A weight, M, also hangs upon this lower beam, and is adapted to slide upon said beam and mark the graduations which appear thereupon for the purpose of counterbalancing the weights put into the pan.

Both of the beams are graduated in two lines, as shown, one of said lines placed below the other. The upper row of figures represents the loads which when put into the scale-pan will counterbalance the weight when brought over said figures, and the lower row of figures represents the loads which are put onto the platform under the same circumstances.

It is evident on inspection of the arrangein cut of the beams and weights that they can be so calculated that when the scale-pan is empty and the upper weight is in the position shown in Fig. l at zero the lower weight will just hold the lowerbeam even and on the same level when at the Zero. Under these circumstances the end of the lower beam will touch neither the bottom nor the top of the checkslot within the bracket L. Now if a load be put into the scale-pan or onto the platform, so as to depress the shaft IE, it is evident that said shaft will act through the arms 6 to depress one side of the frame bearing the beams. In this movement the upper weight, K, when at zero, as shown in Fig. 1, acts to aid the weights in the scale-pan, and the only agency tending to counteract this twofold action of depression is the weight M on the lower beam. This weight, therefore, can be moved outward until the depressing tendency of the scale-pans contents and the upper weight are counteracted, when the figures directly under the bail by which said lower weight is hung will indicate the weight of the article in the scalepan. \Vhen the weight M on the lower beam has been carried out to its fullest extent, and it still does not counterbalance the weights in the scale-pan or on the platform, the upper weight can be brought into requisition, and bybeing moved farther to the right, as shown in Fig. 1, the aid which it affords to the downward tendency of the shaft E be lessened unl til the lower beam balances, when the sum of the indications of the two beams will evidently be the weight acting upon the shaft E. \Vhere goods are being weighed in boxes, l

or where other tare must be allowed for, the simplest mode of allowance will be to place the upper weight permanently at such a'figure on the upper beam as indicates this allowance, and then proceed to weigh the goods in the boxes. This is supposing all the boxes in a given shipment or consignment to be of the same weight, which is frequently the case.

The action of the platform upon the levers will need but slight additional explanation. The legs I) on the lower side of the platform are provided with grooves, which rest upon the pins w on the sides of thelevers O and D. The distances of these pins from the bearings c and the point of bearing of the lever D upon the tongue of the lever 0 being equal, respectively, it is evident that however the weights are disposed upon the platform the same effort will be exerted, and with the same diminished leverage at the shaft E. The well -known effect of compound levers, in which the weight acts through smaller leverarms throughout the system, comes into play here, and by a very simple arrangement the maximum accuracy and leverage in the advantageous sense are secured by my i vention.

.llaving thus described the construction, advantages, and mode of operation of my invention, what I believe to be new therein, and what I therefore claim, is

In scales, the lower beam pivoted at L and graduated away from said pivot, and having a short arm on the side of the pivot away from said graduation, the upper beam connected with said lower beam by a bracket-arm, P, at the short arm of said lower beam, the stand-' ard G, to which said upper beam is pivoted, and the shaft E, pivotally attached to said upper beam, in combination with the lever O, resting at one end in the bearings c, and attached at its other end to the bottom of said shaft E, and provided with pins 0, the lever D, resting in the bearings d, pressing at its other end upon a point upon the lever C, and provided also with pins c and the liilatform 1%, provided with the legs 1), bearing upon the pins v, substantially as specified.

JOHN TERRANCE FRIEND. \Vitu esses:

llUGH RIDDELL, JoHx W-w \VAGERS. 

